DESCRIPTION OF COURSES
FRESHMAN YEAR – FALL (1st) SEMESTER
INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS - I
Basic economic principles, theories, structures and relationships / Resources and their use in production / Demand, supply and the basic operations of goods markets / Introduction to the theory of consumer behaviour / Theory of the firm.
MATHEMATICS - I
Functions / Analysis of linear functions / Economic applications of linear functions / Quadratic functions / Exponential and logarithmic functions / Limits and continuity / Derivative / Economic applications of derivative.
INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Basic Business Concepts / Decision on Size / Location of Business Entity / Classification of Business / Functions of Business / Production Function / Marketing Function / Finance Function / Management Function.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF LAW
Essential concepts of law  / Institutions of law / Social relations and law / The need for order / Necessity and importance of law / Definitions of legal rules and other rules of conduct in society / The nature of state / Society and state / Sovereignty / Government / The legislature / The Executive / The judiciary / The Constitution / Source of law / Application of law and interpretation / Rights / Different legal systems / Main branches of law / Sources of Turkish Law / Mechanisms in the Turkish Legal System.
SOCIAL POLICY
Definition and the explanation of the term social policy / The resources from where the labour force is provided / Labour markets / Population / Employment and unemployment / Wage determination / Efficiency / Problems of social policy / The social policy and the socialist doctrine / The tools of social policy.

ECONOMIC HISTORY

Approaches to economic history / Neolithic revolution / Economy and society in ancient times / Economy in medieval Europe / The emergence of modern age / The changing balance of economic power in Europe / The Dawn theory / The European economy in Nineteenth Century / The world economy in Twentieth Century.

PRINCIPLES OF ATATÜRK AND HISTORY OF TURKISH REVOLUTION - I
Concepts / The end of the Ottoman Empire and the reasons of this process / The start of national revolution movements / The classification of the revolutionary movements as the first - leading ones and the consecutives / The development of the democracy in Turkey / Analysis of two important issues: Cyprus and the Armenian conflicts.
TURKISH LANGUAGE - I
The analysis of the Turkish Language / The roots / The development process of the Turkish Language / The phonetic rules and the grammar of the Turkish Language / The spelling and punctuation rules which are applied / The detailed analysis of the structure of the words and the sentences.

FOREIGN LANGUAGE - I
Two credit course which students can take for two semesters during their freshman year.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION - I
A non credit course which students can take for two semesters or interchangeably with Fine Arts class during their freshman year.

FINE ARTS - I
A non credit course which students can take for two semesters or interchangeably with Physical Education class during their freshman year.

ECONOMIC   PSYCHOLOGY (SELECTIVE)
The biological and scientific reasoning / Different psychological approaches to interpret the human behaviour / The tittles about “thinking” in solving the problems / Intra personal process, which affect the interpersonal relations / Economic behaviour groups / The effect of mass communication systems / Prejustifications / Social norms / Their effects on the economic behaviour.
HISTORY OF CIVILIZATION (SELECTIVE)
Basic knowledge about the historical roots of today's western civilizations / The general framework to understand the concept of civilization / Different critical analyses.
FRESHMAN YEAR – SPRING (2nd) SEMESTER
INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS - II
Basic concepts of macroeconomic analysis / National income and its determination / Aggregate demand / Fiscal policy / Money and banking / Government policy / International trade and payments / Economic growth and development / Unemployment and inflation / New theories of unemployment / Supply side economics / Rational expectations / Exchange rate determination / Illustrations from the Turkish economy.
MATHEMATICS - II
Indeterminate forms / Integration / Economic applications of integration / Matrices / Solving systems of linear equations by using matrices / Input-output analysis. 

INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL SCIENCE
Basic concepts such as politics, nation and state / Political ideologies / Political culture / Intellectuals and ideology / Power, freedom and state / Politics and the media / Structures and processes of the state / The institutions of government / Elections and electoral systems / Political parties / Interest groups / Presidential and parliamentary systems / Political leadership / Bureaucracy and administration / The political economy of states / International relations / Contemporary global concerns / Challenging modernization.

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
Accounting as an information system / Measuring and recording business transactions / Account, debit and credit rules / The double-entry system / Basic accounting equation / The trial balance / Financial statements (balance sheet; income statement) / Recording sales and purchases of inventory for a merchandising firm / Current assets / Fixed assets / Current liabilities / Bonds / Stockholders’ equity (Capital stock / Retained earnings / Reserves / Revaluation fund).
ECONOMIC SOCIOLOGY
Exploring different links between economy and society / The history of economic sociology / The differences between economic sociology and neo-classical economics / The foundational concepts of social embeddedness / Homo-economicus / Rationality / Bounded rationality / Industrialization and it’s social effects / Economic development / Capitalism / Market Economy / The rise of  consumption society / The sociological theories of consumption / Social structure and stratification / Economic inequality-poverty / Social capital / Globalization.  
ECONOMICS OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Economic and social importance of natural resources / Scarcity and competing use of resources / Usage of natural resources in historical process / Characteristics and classification of natural resources / Priority criteria of the usage of natural resources / Usage fields of natural resources / Issues associated with the economics of natural resources / Preservation methods of natural resources / Natural resources oriented towards consumption and production (renewable and non-renewable resources) / Effects of population / Economic activities and demographic movements on natural resources / Pollution of natural resources / Public policies as applied to problems of environmental pollution / Environmental economics and externalities / Concepts of economical growth / Development and sustainable development / Ecological balance / Eco-economy and restructure of economy / Valuing the environment / Concepts and methods / Importance of environmental problems and development of environmental preservation in the world and pollution-control / Environmental problems and policies of environment in Turkey.

PRINCIPLES OF ATATÜRK AND HISTORY OF TURKISH REVOLUTION - II
Concepts / The end of the Ottoman Empire and the reasons of this process / The start of national revolution movements / The classification of the revolutionary movements as the first - leading ones and the consecutives / The development of democracy in Turkey / Analysis of two important issues: Cyprus and the Armenian conflicts.
TURKISH LANGUAGE - II
The methods of research / Reaching the resources in a library / The text of the research / Using quotations and footnotes / The necessary essay writing rules / How to use tables, figures, graphics / Writing a note of petition and a formal letter.

FOREIGN LANGUAGE - II
Two credit course which students can take for two semesters during their freshman year.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION - II
A non credit course which students can take for two semesters or interchangeably with Fine Arts class during their freshman year.

FINE ARTS - II
A non credit course which students can take for two semesters or interchangeably with Physical Education class during their freshman year.

METHODOLOGY IN SOCIAL SCIENCES (SELECTIVE)
Research and using some research techniques / The issues of science and methods / The debates on methods / The differences between natural sciences and social sciences / The methods of economics from perspective of normative and positive economics / Some views of social scientists and their research methods with some examples (Historical Method / Associative Method / Comparative Method / Monographical Method / Survey Method / Multivariate Analysis / Interpretative Method / Content Analysis) / Data Collection Techniques (Observation Techniques / Interviews / Questionnaire) / Measurement and Test Techniques (Sampling Data Analysis / Chi Square Test / t Test / z Test).

LABOUR ECONOMICS (SELECTIVE)
Labour markets / Labour supply models (leisure-work and family models) / Factors affecting labour supply / Determinants of labour demand in the short and long run / Wage determination / Legal and institutional aspects of wage determination / The nature, causes, and various explanations of unemployment / Models related with wage bargaining / Turkish labour law.

SOPHOMORE YEAR – FALL (3rd) SEMESTER
MICROECONOMIC THEORY
Building on the foundations provided by lecture of “Introduction to Economics” so as to provide a sound understanding of mainstream microeconomic theories and models / Theories of consumer behaviour and demand / Consumer equilibrium / Theories of cost and production / Market structures / The meaning of general equilibrium / Theory of distribution / Welfare economics.
STATISTICS - I
Graphical and tabular methods for organization and summarization of data / Measures of location / Measures of dispersion / Introduction to probability / Combinatorics / Discrete and continuous random variables / Probability distributions.

PUBLIC FINANCE I
Public Economics and Public Finance / Role of the State in Economics / Reasons of State Intervention / Public Goods / Internalization of Externalities / Consumer Preferences: Samuelson & Musgrave Analysis / Public Expenditure / Real Expenditures / Transfer Payments /  Public Revenue / Taxation / Principles of Taxation / Tax Classification

LAW OF OBLIGATIONS

Conclusion of contracts / Lack of mutual assent / Representation / Illicit acts / Unjustifiable enrichment / Fulfillment of obligations / Non-fulfillment of obligations / Triangle – relationships / Typical and non - typical contracts.

INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING

Valuation principles and methods, / Valuation of assets (Cash / Bank / Checks received / Outstanding checks / Accounts receivable / Note receivable / Inventories / Fixed assets) / Valuation of liabilities and shareholder's equity / Adjustment entries / Preparing financial statements.
READING AND COMMUNICATION IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (ENGLISH)
English Grammar / Reading and Understanding Text Materials / Communication / Reading Materials in Contemporary Streams and Cultures and International Subjects for developing academic language skills and improving the level of English.

INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (SELECTIVE)
Description of some basic concepts / International politics / Foreign policy / Nation-state / Ethnicity / Globalization / World system / Universalization / Evolution of international thought / Different approaches to international relations / Realism / Pluralism / Structuralism / Analysis of current issues and international problems within a historical framework such as the Kosovo problem, Middle East issues / The analysis of some basic technical concepts such as strategic approach / Cold War.

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW (SELECTIVE)
Constitutional order / Organization of power / The organization of the executive branch / The organization of consent / Representative assemblies and political parties / Elections and voters / Organization of interests and rights / The evaluation of regimes / Republic of Turkey constitutions 1961 and 1981.
QUANTITATIVE ECONOMICS (SELECTIVE)
The similarity and the differences of the quantitative economics and the economics, mathematical economics, econometrics / The factors involved in the quantitative economic models / Different equations / Linear relations in the quantitative models / Linear functions / The empirical examples.

 

SOPHOMORE YEAR – SPRING (4th) SEMESTER
MACROECONOMIC  THEORY
Aggregate demand and supply analysis (Real income / Employment / Price level determination) / Theories of wages and labour supply / Effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policy (multiplier analysis) / Demand for money (simple portfolio models) / Theories of consumption and investment behaviour.
STATISTICS - II
Continuation of the Statistics-I course / Sampling / Point estimation / Estimation and confidence intervals / Hypothesis testing / Analysis of variance / Simple regression and correlation / Tests for goodness of fit / Instructions on the use of statistical computer packages.
TAX LAW
Subject of the tax / The place of the tax law in the general law system / Sources of the tax law / Practice of the tax subject / Fundamental concepts and institutions (Parties / Subject / Occurrence that causes tax / Exemptions / Exceptions / reductions etc.) of taxation / Disappearance of tax demand / Durations / Tax crimes and punishments / Tax jurisdiction / General principles about fundamental taxes which exists in Turkish Tax System.

INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Evolution of the present Turkish Administration system / Central and local government authorities and their organizational structures / Current problems and general evolution of the public administration in Turkey / Discussions on administrative reform / Planning and development.
TURKISH ECONOMIC HISTORY
The study of Ottoman economic and social history starting from the 16th century up till the early 20th century / Survey of the economic and social conditions of Turkey (1923-1960) / Analysis of the dynamics of change of the Turkish economy in the context of the world economy.

OCCUPATIONAL TOPICS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (ENGLISH) I
Research and Writing Techniques needed for preparing Effective Reports.

HISTORY OF THE POLITICAL EVENTS (SELECTIVE)
The important key events which formed the modern world (starting from the French Revolution) / The effect of the western philosophy on the break down of the Ottoman Empire / The social and economic structure of the Ottoman Empire / The changes which occurred after the foundation of the Turkish Republic / The new important political events in Turkey and their consequences.

PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE (SELECTIVE)
The relation between philosophy and science / Basic concepts of Philosophy of Science / History and Classification of Science / Structure of Scientific Development / Basic Specialities of Scientific Expression / Explication of Theory / Hypothesis / Experiment / Prevision / Value of Science / Perception of Science in Terms of Ethical and Social Forms.
CRIMINAL LAW (SELECTIVE)
The definition of crime / The analysis of the criminal law within the general law system / The auxiliary disciplines of the criminal law / Illegality / Criminal liability / Determination -suspension- execution of sentence / Aggravating circumstances / Exemption from punishment.

JUNIOR YEAR – FALL (5th) SEMESTER
MONETARY THEORY AND POLICY
Up to date survey of the role of money and monetary policy / The functions and definitions of money / Monetary transmission mechanisms / Demand for and supply of money / Classical and Keynesian systems / Monetarism  / Monetary control / Monetary policy tools.

TURKISH TAXATION SYSTEM
Basic elements of Turkish Taxation System / Concepts and definitions related to taxation system in Turkey / The definition of income / Tax base / Tax payer / Tax rates / Allowances / Exemptions and deductions implemented for the Main taxes; On income (income and corporation tax) / Consumption (VAT and some excises) / Foreign trade.

PUBLIC FINANCE II
Efficiency in Public Expenditures / Multiplier Analysis / Cost – Benefit Analysis / Efficiency in Taxation / Tax Burden / Transfer of Tax Burden / Excess Tax Burden / Income Effect / Substitution Effect / Taxation and Income Distribution / Taxation and Economic Stability / Taxation and Economic Growth.

COMMERCIAL LAW
Various types of contracts among on purchase, barter, donation, rent, labour, and procuration / The handle of various types of business corporations by the Law of Corporations / The regulation of  business enterprises.
ECONOMETRICS
Scope and definition of econometrics / Population and sub-population concepts / Regression assumptions / Sampling / Parameter estimation by least squares method and maximum likelihood method / Hypothesis tests and confidence intervals / Violation of basic assumptions: (Non-normality / Autocorrelation / Heteroscedasticity / Multicollinearity) and correction methods for them.
OCCUPATIONAL TOPICS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (ENGLISH) II
Improving Written and Spoken English skills in an occupational context.

PROPERTY AND INHERITANCE LAW (SELECTIVE)
The definition of property law / The concepts of real rights / The difference of real rights from other rights / Possesment / Land registration / Ownership of property rights / Limited real rights / Easement of access / The role of inheritance law in the general law system / The deceased and the successor (inheritor) / The acquisition of the succession / Rules of inheritance / Acceptance and disclaimer of the inheritance / Partition of inheritance.

 

ADMINISTRATIVE LAW (SELECTIVE)
The relations between the administration and legislative - executive - jurisdictional branches of the state / The aims, function, duties of the administration / The relations between the constitution and the administration / Administrative decisions, contracts / Public services and the way the public services are undertaken.
MARKETING (SELECTIVE)
Nature of markets and marketing / Theories of buying behaviour / The industrial market / Marketing research / Product planning and development / Distribution structure / Pricing policy / Promotional activity / International marketing / Marketing management.

 

JUNIOR YEAR – SPRING (6th) SEMESTER

BUDGETARY THEORY AND APPLICATION
Definition and historical evolution of public budgets / Functions, principles and types of budgets / The process of budget preparation and implementation / Treasury operations / Government Accounting / Fiscal auditing.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE
Historical phenomena that gave birth to local governments / Fiscal structure of local governments / Intergovernmental fiscal relations / Optimum scale of local public services / Fiscal sources of local governments / Grants from central government / Local taxes / Administrative structure of local governments in Turkey.

COST ACCOUNTING
Cost concepts / Income statements / Manufacturing costs / Cost allocation (types of departments / objectives of cost allocation / cost allocation methods) / Job order costing (actual and normal costing / accounting for materials / direct labour cost / overhead) / Process costing (process manufacturing / process costing cost flows / the concept of equivalent units / production report / process costing with no-work in process) / Joint costing (accounting for joint products / accounting for by products) / Standard costing (the establishment of standards / types of standard / standard product costs / variance analysis).

INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
Various explanations of the causes of international trade / The rendition of the neoclassical trade model / Increasing returns to scale and externalities as other causes and explanation of international trade / The impact of trade earnings / The implementation of trade policy.

 

PUBLIC DEBT

The Methodology of Debt Theory / Public Debt Issues within the Historical Evolution of State / The Reasons of Public Debt / Public Debt Techniques / Domestic and Foreign Debts / Public Debts in Turkey (1923-1980) / Macroeconomic Impacts of Public Debts in Turkey / Income Distribution and Public Debts in Turkey / Inflation and Public Debt in Turkey / Debt management in Turkey since 1980’s.

FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR BUSINESS (ENGLISH)
Concepts used in business literature / Presentation skills needed in occupational area / Conference Management / Correspondence / Practices for written and oral communication in social environments.

ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS (SELECTIVE)
The analytical tools used in economics of environment / Environmental problems and alternative solutions to these problems / Environment policies and strategies / Environmental standards / Green taxes / Tradable pollution permits.

APPLIED ECONOMETRICS (SELECTIVE)
Using econometric models and methods with applications / Model specification / Deflection from classical model assumptions (multicollinearity / heteroscedasticity / autocorrelation) / Using qualitative variables in econometric models and structural changes / Analyses with various econometric software in computer laboratory.
PUBLIC ECONOMIC ENTERPRISES AND PRIVATIZATION (SELECTIVE)
Establishment Reasons of Public Economic Enterprises / Pricing and Investment Policies of PEE / Turkish Case: Historical and Legal Background of Turkish PEE / Theoretical Reasons, Methods and Problems of Privatization / Privatization Process in Turkey.

SENIOR YEAR – FALL (7th) SEMESTER

COMPARATIVE FISCAL SYSTEMS
Concepts of Economic Growth and Economic Development / Theories of Economic Growth / Effects of Public Expenditures and Public Revenues on Economic Development / Effects of Public Expenditures / Public Revenues and Increase in Tax Revenues /  Factors Determining Tax Revenues / Concept of Tax Structure / Economic Structure and Tax Structure / Development of Tax Structure During Economic Development Phases / Tax Structure and Development in Turkey / Fact of Globalization and Effect of Globalization on Tax Structure / Tax Competition.

FISCAL POLICY
Introduction to Fiscal Policy: Subject, Aim, Tools / Regulatory Fiscal Policy / Built –in Stabilizers / Fiscal Policy Approaches of Different Economic Schools / Fiscal Policy & Economic Stability / Fiscal Policy & Recession / Fiscal Policy & Inflation / Fiscal Policy & Stagflation / Fiscal Policy & Income Distribution / Fiscal Policy & Growth
FISCAL JURISDICTION
Character and function of tax jurisdiction / The location of tax jurisdiction in general jurisdiction system / Tax jurisdiction in different states, during Ottoman Empire and in Turkey / The solution procedures to tax disagreements at administrative level / Tax Courts and Council of State / Tax jurisdiction.

PROJECT EVALUATION FOR BUSINESS INVESTMENTS
The techniques of Cost-Benefit Analysis / Project Evaluation Criteria / Measurement of Social Benefits and Costs / Shadow Prices / Distributional Considerations.

PUBLIC CHOICES

Microeconomic analysis of government / The translation of Individual preferences into public sector policies through the political process / The origins of public choice theory: From Wicksell to Buchanan / The controversial issues between public choice theory and orthodox public finance theory / Voters' behaviour / Theory of political parties and Downs hypothesis / Theory of bureaucracy and Niskanen Model / Theory of rent seeking / Logrolling / Voting rules / Constitutional economics.

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT (SELECTIVE)
Basic concepts of social development and human development / Basic social and economic indicators / Comparisons made across countries with special reference to Turkey / Population growth / Unemployment / Rural-urban migration / Education and health issues.

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT (SELECTIVE)
The scope of the finance function in the firm / Time value of money / Security valuation / Working capital management (cash management / receivables management / inventory management) / Management of fıxed assets (characteristics of fixed asset investment / capital budgeting decision) / Cost of capital (various cost of capital concepts / costs of various sources of capital) / Risk and risk management.

ECONOMICS OF SOCIAL SECURITY (SELECTIVE)
The terminology of social security / Historical evolution of social security / Social welfare and public sector / Financing of social security / Social security’s financial problem in Turkey / The causes and dynamics of pay-as-you-go social security financial crises in Turkey / The effects of financial crises on budget and PSBR / Social security reform and components / General health insurance / Retirement insurance regime / Social donations and ensures / New institutional framework / The social and financial effects of social security reform.

NATIONAL ACCOUNTING - GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTING (SELECTIVE)
Economies foundational sectors’ relations with one another and with the whole economy / The ratios of different economic indicators inside the national income and their development / The concept of government accounting / Primary Government Accounting System and Methods / Government Accounting based on Realization Method / Related government accounting clauses with the public financial management and control law number 5018.

 

SENIOR YEAR – SPRING (8th) SEMESTER

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING
Basic concepts of development / Classification criteria to rank countries / Mainstream economic development strategies from the point of view of liberal market theory and structural development theory / The development strategies proposed by World Bank, IMF and by some Developmental Organizations of UN / Development policies induced from WB, IMF and UN / The role of public sector in the development process.

CORPORATE TAXATION
Basic concepts of business taxation / Different approaches towards business taxation / Business taxation with regard to efficiency / Applications and legal framework of business taxation in Turkey / Tax credits for investments, mergers and other legal transforms of business / Topics taken up both at theoretical and at practical level.

ECONOMY AND PUBLIC FINANCE IN TURKEY
Role of Public Sector In Turkish Economy / Framework and Evolution of Turkish Tax System / Evolution of Public Expenditures / Planned Economy Era / Stabilization decisions of January 24 / Crisis of 1994 / Crisis of 2000 and 2001 / Current Case Studies in Turkish Public Economy.

HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT AND PUBLIC FINANCE THEORY
The origins of modern economic thought / Mercantilism / Physiocrats / Classical theory / Marginalism / Neoclassic  theory / Keynesian  economics / Neo-neoclassical  economics / Monetarism / Post-Keynesian economics / Supply side economics / Theory of rational expectations / Public choice theory / Constitutional economics.

ECONOMIC AND FISCAL STRUCTURE OF EUROPEAN UNION
Microeconomics of European Integration / Economic Integration Theories / Origins and History of European Integration / Institutional Structure of the European Union / Common Policies in the European Union / Common Agricultural Policy / Regional Policies / Economic and Monetary Union / The Budget of the European Union / Structural Funds / Enlargements of the European Union and Economic Effects of Enlargement / Tax Harmonization in the European Union / Turkey-EU Relations
RADICAL ECONOMICS (SELECTIVE)
Radical economics as a newly developed version of economic theory / A combination of classical, Marxian and post-Keynesian theories within a modern standard academic synthesis / A general perspective on various explanations given to current economic problems such as economic crises, structural unemployment, income discrepancy between countries, by various approaches within the broad framework of radical economics.

INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC FINANCE (SELECTIVE)
The factors influencing international trade / Tariffs / Subsidies / Export taxes / Quotas / Voluntary export restrictions / Non-tariff barriers / The effects of foreign trade taxes on public revenue / The effects of direct taxes on international factor mobility / Income tax / Corporation tax / International Institutions and their functions: United Nations, IMF, World Bank, World Trade Organization.

TAX APPLICATIONS (SELECTIVE)
Case studies according to Turkish Taxation System / Problem solutions / Analysis of applied court decisions.