FACULTY OF
PHARMACY
·
Name of the Faculty:
·
Title Offered: Pharmacist
·
Educational System : Day-time
courses are offered. The Language of education is Turkish
·
Period of Study: 4 Years (8 Semesters)
·
Academic units : Division of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences
Department of Analytical Chemistry
General Chemistry
Department of Biochemistry
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology
Division of Professional Sciences
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Department of Pharmacognosy
Department of Pharmacology
Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology
Division of Pharmaceutical Technology
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
Cosmetology
·
Academic staff :
UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM
First Semester
Lecture Laboratory Credits ECTS
General Chemistry 4 - 4 7
Physics 2 2 3 4
Mathematics 2 2 3 4
Medical Biology 3 - 3 6
Pharmaceutical Terminology 1 - 1 2
Ataturk’s Principles and History of
Turkish Republic 2 - 2 3
Turkish 2 - 2 3
Fine Arts 1 - 1 1
17
4/2=2 19 30
Second
Semester
Analytical Chemistry I 3 6 6 12
Human Anatomy 2 - 2 5
Biostatistics 2 1
2.5 6
Ataturk’s Principles and History of
Turkish Republic 2 - 2 2
Foreign language 2 - 2
2
Turkish 2 - 2
2
Fine Arts
1 - 1 1
14 7/2=3.5 15.5 30
Third Semester
Analytical Chemistry II 4 6 7 11
Organic Chemistry 3
-
3 5
Pharmaceutical Microbiology 4 4 6 9
Physiology 3 -
3 5
14 10/2=5 19 30
Fourth
Semester
Biochemistry 4 3
5.5 10
Pathology 2 - 2 4
Public Health 2 - 2
4
Pharmaceutical Botany 3 4 5 10
Introduction to Pharmaceutical
Technology 1 - 1
2
12 7/2=5 15.5 30
Fifth
Semester
Pharmaceutical Chemistry I 3 4 5 7
Pharmaceutical Technology I 3 4
5 7
Pharmacognosy I 3
3 4.5 6
Pharmacology I 2 - 2 3
Food Analysis 2 3 3.5 5
Immunology 1 - 1 2
14 14/2=7 21 30
Sixth
Semester
Pharmaceutical Chemistry II 4 4 6 10
Pharmaceutical Technology II 3 4 5 9
Pharmacognosy II 2
3 3.5 5
Pharmacology II 3 2 4 6
12 13/2=6.5 18.5 30
Seventh
Semester
Pharmaceutical Chemistry III 4 4 6 8.5
Pharmaceutical Technology III 4 4 6 8.5
Pharmacognosy III 2 4 4
5
Pharmacology III 4
- 4 5
Cosmetology 1 2 2 3
15 14/2=7 22 30
Eighth
Semester
Ethics and History of Pharmacy 1 -
1
2
First Aid 2 -
2
4
Pharmacy Law and Management 4 - 4 6
Personal Computing in Pharmacy 1 - 1 2
Practice
Behavioral Sciences 1 - 1 2
Pharmaceutical Toxicology 3 4 5 8
Electives
(minimum 3 courses and 4 credits) 6
12 4/2=2 14 30
- Social
Facilities:
Dormitory, cafeterias, transportation, sports and social activities
Special on campus dormitory for
pharmacy students is not available. Students can stay at the facilities
provided by the Istanbul University.
Dormitory facilities have student cafeterias where three main meals are
served. Lunch is also served at various campuses of the University.
No shuttle is available. Public transportation can be used.
University owns a Student Cultural Center where the students, staff and
alumni can participate in several activities such as sports, drama, folk
dancing, photography, etc.
COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
FIRST SEMESTER
GENERAL CHEMISTRY
Properties of subtances, Units of measurements, atoms, molecules and
ions, Development of atomic theory; Chemical reactions; Properties of gases;
Thermochemistry, thermodynamics and equilibrium, Electronic structure of atom;
Periodic properties of the elements and the periodic table; Chemical
bonds; The properties of solutions; The rates of reactions, acids, bases and
salts; Redox reactions and
electrochemistry; Complex ions and coordination chemistry; Nuclear chemistry;
Chemistry of representative elements;
Chemistry of transition elements.
PHYSICS
Physics and measurement, Standards of length, mass
and time, Dimensional analysis, Significant figures, Mathematical notation,
Mechanics of solids and fluids, Thermodynamics, Thermal expansion of ideal
gases, Heat, Laws of thermodynamics, Kinetic theory of gases, Electricity and
magnetism, Light and optics, Spectrometry, polarization of light.
MATHEMATICS
Graphs, natural and e logarithims, Differential calculus,
Integration, Equations for describing experimental measurements, Differential
equations, Determinants, Some applications of mathematics in pharmacy.
MEDICAL BIOLOGY
Basic principles of biology
with emphasis on cell structure and function of the human body, Study on
various tissues, both structures and functions, Outline of some metabolic
pathways of the human organism, Genes, genetic interactions, human genetics.
PHARMACEUTICAL TERMINOLOGY
Elements of Latin and terms used in Pharmaceutical Botany, Prefixes
and suffixes important for Pharmaceutical Terminology, Terms and abbreviations
used in prescriptions, Terms used in Biochemistry, Terms used in Pharmacognosy,
Terms used in Pharmacology.
ATATURK’S PRINCIPLES AND THE HISTORY OF THE TURKISH REPUBLIC
I AND II
The making of modern Turkey : War of independendence,
Ataturk’s reforms and the Turkish
democracy.
TURKISH I and II
Concepts of
communication and language, Development of Turkish language in different
historical periods, Nature and use of sounds in Turkish language, Phonological
phenomena, The description, classification, and naming of speech sounds,
Turkish syntax and grammer, Composition
making outlines, Writing topic sentences and different types of paragraphs,
definition, classification, explanation, comparison and contrast,etc.
FINE ARTS I and II
The course offers
the students the opportunity to broaden their cultural understanding and
increase their skills in and appreciation of the fine arts - music, theater,
and the visual arts on a theoretical and practical basis.
SECOND
SEMESTER
ANALYTICAL
CHEMISTRY I
Chemical analyses and analytical
chemistry, The states and systematics of matter, Solubility and solutions,
Electrolytes, colloids, Chemical reactions and chemical equilibrium,
Identification of some elements,
Identification reactions and analyses of cations, Identification reactions and
analyses of anions, Inorganic qualitative analyses, the importance of
qualitative analyses in pharmacy, Analytical separations: Extraction,
chromatography, electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis, dialysis and
ultracentrifugation.
HUMAN ANATOMY
Locomotor system, digestive
system, circulatory system, respiratory system, urogenital system,
endocrine system, nervous system,
sensory system.
BIOSTATISTICS
Probability, Statistical analysis of repeated
measurements, Comparison of repeated measurements, Comparison of data by
statistical methods, Test of significance, Correlation and regression, Some
applications of statistics in pharmacy.
THIRD SEMESTER
ANALYTICAL
CHEMISTRY II
General subjects, the analytical balance and weighing, Basic
procedures, statistics and evaluation of data, Gravimetric methods,
Fundamentals of titrimetry, classification and calculation of titrimetric data,
Acid-base titrations, non-aqueous acid-base titrations, Precipitation
titrations, Complexometric titrations, Redox titrations, Electrometric methods.
Optic and spectroscopic methods, Chromatographic methods, Electrophoretic
methods, Automated analytical
methods, Analysis of radiopharmaceuticals.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Historical background, Electronic properties of
carbon, Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Optical isomerism, Aromatics and
heteroaromatics, Alkyl halides, Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Carbonyl
compounds, Nitriles, Amines, Thiols,
Thioethers, Sulfonic acids.
PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY
Fundamentals
of microbiology: Eucaryotic and procaryotic cell structure, Staining,
Cultivation of Microorganisms, Bacterial
virulence factors, Sterilization, Chemical and Physical agents; Antimicrobial
Agents. Disinfectants and antiseptics. Antimicrobial chemotherapy; Mechanisms
of action of antimicrobial drugs, Antimicrobial activity, Immunology,
Microbiological aspects of pharmaceutical processing, Ecology of microorganisms
and its affects on pharmaceutical industry, Manufacture of microbiological
products and their quality control: GMP, GLP processes. Bacteriology, Virology,
Parasitology, Mycology.
PHYSIOLOGY
General physiology, physiology
of the cell, blood, muscle, nervous system, respiratory system, circulatory
system, excretory system and hormones and liver.
FOURTH SEMESTER
BIOCHEMISTRY
Cell structure, acid-base equilibrium of the
human organism, Inorganic ions in human body, Structures of carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins, nucleoproteins and nucleic acids, Enzymes and metabolism
reactions, Carbohydrate, lipid, protein, nucleoprotein and porphyrin
metabolisms, Vitamins and hormones.
PATHOLOGY
Bacterial infections, Tuberculosis
bacilli and related diseases, Mycobacterium leprae and related diseases,
Spirochetes diseases, Mycotic
infections, General characteristics of viruses, Chlamydia and rickettsia and
their diseases, Necrosis, Apoptosis,
Tumors.
PUBLIC
HEALTH
Historical perspective of Hygiene, Preventive
Medicine and Public Health, Epidemiology of infectious diseases, Health
problems of Turkey, Environmental hygiene: drinking water and wastewater,
purification and disinfection of water, wastewater treatment processes,
waterborne diseases, Atmosphere: air pollution, airborne diseases, prevention
of air contamination, Dental health, Nutrition and nutritients, foodborne
diseases, Pharmacodependency, Arthropod borne diseases, Hygienic and aseptic practices, Prevention of
infections: vaccines and vaccination.
PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY
Scope and importance of Pharmaceutical Botany, General characteristics of
plants, Plant cells, Plant cell
divisions, Plant tissues: Epidermis, Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma,
Vascular Bundles. The root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit and seed structure,
Classification and naming of plants, Drug yielding, Algae: Drug yielding Algae,
The Fungi : Drug yielding Fungi, The Pteridophyta: Drug yielding Pteridophyta.
The Gymnospermae: Drug yielding Gymnospermae, The Monocotyledones: Drug
yielding Monocotyledones, The Dicotyledones: Drug yielding Dicotyledones,
Medicinal plants of Turkey.
INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACEUTICAL
TECHNOLOGY
History of pharmacy and drugs, Codex and
pharmacopeias, Drug dosage forms, Information regarding to prescription,
Calculation of maximum dose, Latin and French definitions used in
pharmaceutical production, Measuring units, Basic pharmaceutical operations
(weighing, drying, distillation, lyophilization, sieving, mixing, sterilization,
extraction, equipments used for these operations), Solutions, two-phase
systems, semi-solid dosage forms, solid dosage forms, aerosols, sterile
preparations, sustained release and transdermal dosage forms.
FIFTH SEMESTER
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY I
Medicinal
Chemistry within the context of pharmaceutical chemistry, Sources of drugs,
Physicochemical properties and biological activity, Quantitative-structure -
activity relationships, Biological membranes, Drug transport and absorption,
Metabolic pathways, Prodrugs, General anesthetics, Local anesthetics,
Sedative-hypnotics, Antiepileptics.
PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY I
Introduction to pharmaceutical technology, Pharmaceutical operations,
Prescription, Water used in pharmaceutical technology, Solutions, Aromatic
water, Syrups, mellits, lemonades, potions, elixirs, Colloidal
dispersions, Properties of lyophilic and
lyophobic colloids, Optical, kinetic and electrical properties of colloids,
Suspensions, Viscosity, Zeta potential, Emulsions, Determination of surface
tension, Classification of emulsifying agents,
Preparation techniques of emulsions,
Aerosols, Inhalations,
Ointments, Percutaneous absorption, Vehicles used in ointments, Pastes,
Suppositories, Soaps.
PHARMACOGNOSY I
Introduction to Pharmacognosy, History and Progress, Cultivation,
Collection and Drying of Medicinal Plants, Quality Control and Stabilization of
Crude Drugs. Commercialization and Production of
Plants, Plant cell and tissue culture, Chemistry of Medicinal Plants: Carbohydrates,
Glycosides (Simple Phenolic Compounds, Coumarins, Antraquinones, Flavone and
Related compounds, Antocyanidines), Cardioactive glycosides, Saponins, Lignans,
Iridoids, Plant enzymes.
PHARMACOLOGY I
Routes of drug administration, Dose-Concentration-Effect relationships of
drugs, Drug receptors, Mechanisms of
drug action, Factors that affect therapeutic outcome, Drug interactions,
Adverse effects of drugs, Development of new drugs, Pharmacokinetics and calculation
of pharmacokinetic parameters.
FOOD
ANALYSIS
General methods for proximate analyses, Proteins and protein
containing food and its analysis, Lipids and their analyses, Carbohydrates and
their analyses, Vegetables and Fruits, Alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks and
their control analyses, Food conservation methods, Conservatives and other
substances in food, Toxic substances in food.
IMMUNOLOGY
Introduction to
Immunology, Innate (Nonspecific) Immunity and acquired (Specific) Immunity,
Cells and organs of the immune system, Antigens, Structure and functions of the
immunoglobulins, Organization and expression of immunoglobulin genes,
Monoclonal antibodies, Antigen-Antibody interactions, Cytokines, The Complement
System, Hypersensitive reactions, Acquirement of specific immunity through natural
processes and artificial means: Active immunization and vaccines, Passive
immunization, Tolerance and autoimmunity.
SIXTH
SEMESTER
PHARMACEUTICAL
CHEMISTRY II
Analgesics,
Antitussives, Nonstreroidal antiinflammatory agents, Antigout agents, Prostaglandins,
Neuroleptics, Tranquilizers, Antidepressants, Analeptics, Adrenergic agents,
Cholinergic drugs and related agents, ACE inhibitors, Antianginal agents,
Ca-channel blockers, Organic nitrates, Antiarhythmic agents,
Antihiperlipidemics, Anticoagulants, Diuretics, Antiparkinsonian agents,
Skeletal muscle relaxants, Drugs acting on the gastrointestinal system,
Radiologic contrast agents.
PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY II
Sterilization and contamination, Isotonic solutions: parenteral
preparations, eye, nose, ear drops, Surgical dressings, Incompatibilities among
ingredients of pharmaceutical preparations, Extraction, Packaging.
PHARMACOGNOSY II
Alkaloids: General Properties, Biosynthesis, Extraction and Isolation,
Protoalkaloids, Pyridine and Pyrolidine alkaloids, Quinoline alkaloids,
Isoquinoline alkaloids, Tropane alkaloids, Indole alkaloids, Purine alkaloids,
Diterpene alkaloids, Steroidal alkaloids, Vitamins, Antibiotics, Poisonous
plants, Poisonous mushrooms.
PHARMACOLOGY II
Drugs acting on the autonomic
nervous system, Drugs affecting cardiovascular function, Hormones and autocoids
and their agonists/antagonists, Antitussives and expectorants, Vitamins.
SEVENTH SEMESTER
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY III
Antihistaminics,
Oral hypoglycemic agents, Steroidal hormones and corticosteroids, Thyroid
hormones and antithyroid agents, Antimycobacterial agents, Sulfonamides, b-lactam antibiotics, Quinolones, Antiviral agents, Antiprotozoal
agents, Antifungal agents, Antineoplastic agents.
PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY III
Powders, Tablets: delivey systems, Modern therapeutic systems:
microcapsules, microspheres, nanoparticles, liposomes, Biopharmacy: theories of
receptors, release of active substances, Mechanisms of drug absorption,
compartment models and pharmacokinetics, Biotransformation and formulation,
Stability of drugs: reaction kinetics,
stability tests, chemical, physical, microbial, photostability,
Biotechnology, veterinary and Agricultural drugs.
PHARMACOGNOSY III
Terpenes: Chemistry and Classification, Volatile oils and Volatile
oil containing drugs (Production and General Properties, Acyclic monoterpenes,
Monocyclic monoterpenes, Sesquiterpenes, Aromatic compounds), Diterpenoids,
Cucurbitacins, Lectins, Tannins, Resins (Including balsams), Lipids.
PHARMACOLOGY III
Drugs acting on central
nervous system, Chemotherapy of microbial diseases, chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases, General anesthetics,
Local anesthetics, Opioid analgesics and antagonists, Non-opiate analgesics,
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents,
Drugs used in gout.
COSMETOLOGY
Introduction, definitions, regulations, History of cosmetic science,
Pharmaceutical operations, Raw materials used in cosmetology, Skin structure
and cosmetic preparations applied to skin, Sunscreens and suntanning
preparations, Powders and colored cosmetic preparations, Hair structure and
hair preparations, Teeth structure and cosmetic preparations applied to teeth,
mouth washes, Depilatories, Baby preparations, Bath preparations, Perfuming
cosmetic preparations, Controls in cosmetic preparations, Packaging.
EIGHT SEMESTER
ETHICS AND HISTORY OF PHARMACY
Pharmacy in
ancient times, Pharmacy among Turks before the Ottomanian period:
Formulations and methods of preparation,
instruments, units of measurement, Drugs, Pharmacy practice in the Ottomanian
period and in the Turkish Republic, Drugs, Pharmacies, Military pharmacists,
Pharmacy education, Legislation, Pharmaceutical associations, Publications,
Pharmacopeiae.
FIRST AID
First aid at the accident site, Intensive care, Antisepsis, Asepsis,
Sterilization, Coma, Pain, Anesthesia, Hemorrhages, Trauma, Shock, Surgical
infections, Abscess, Phlegmon, Septisemia, Anaerobic and mycotsic infections,
Hand disorders, Thrombophelebitis, Burns, Fractures, Displaced joints,
Accidents caused by excessive heat, cold,
electricity and lightning, Caisson disease. General treatment for
cardiovascular,
pulmonary, and genitourinary diseases, Hormones, Varicose veins,
Carcinomas of oesaphagus, Brain tumors, Bites, Carbon monoxide poisoning, Acute osteomyelitis, Atypic osteomyelitis.
PHARMACY
LAW AND MANAGEMENT
Laws, both
statutory and regulatory, which govern and control the practice of pharmacy and
the manufacturing, distribution, dispensing of drug products including
radiopharmaceuticals, Laws on veterinary medicine, Agricultural products, Adultery and social
security.
Management principles to construct a practical framework
for the operational management of a business of pharmacy, Controllable and
uncontrollable variables, work flow analysis, accounting, budget development,
purchasing, inventory control, quality assurance, third party reimbursement,
the Turkish taxing system.
PERSONAL COMPUTING IN PHARMACY PRACTICE
Hardware and operating systems. Basic
computing technology skills, including basics of Microsoft Word, Excel,
Internet Explorer, Internet use and computer concepts, Instructive information
on software used in pharmacy practice, Introduction to information retrieval
from the major bibliographic health science databases .
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Disciplines
related to behavioral sciences, Topics on learning, Motivation, Communication,
Group behavior, Psychotechniques, Attitudes and leadership.
PHARMACEUTICAL TOXICOLOGY
General
principles of toxicology, Disposition of toxicology, Toxic responses to foreign
compounds: Chemical carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Teratogenesis, Tissue Lesions,
Immunogenesis, Miscellaneous toxic effects, Treatment of human poisoning, Toxic agents: Toxic
effects of pesticides, Toxic effects of metals, Toxic effects of solvents and vapors, Chemical carcinogens,
Mycotoxins.
ELECTIVES
(2003-2004)
BOTANICAL IDENTIFICATION of MEDICINAL PLANTS
Scientific identification of herbal drugs
which are sold outside the pharmacy.
ETHNOBOTANICS
Local names of
plants commonly used by people as medicines for various purposes, Scientific basis of the utilization of folk remedies.
SOURCES AND PRODUCTION OF CRUDE DRUGS IN
TURKEY
Possibility of utilization of medicinal plants
growing in
CHROMATOGRAPHIC
TECHNIQUES IN DRUG ANALYSIS
Analysis of drug substances in dosage forms and biological fluids employing TLC, HPLC
and GC.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC
TECHNIQUES IN DRUG ANALYSIS
Analysis of drug substances in dosage forms and biological fluids
employing UV/VIS, IR spectrometry and fluorimetry .
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
General scope on
clinical diagnosis, Role of the pharmacist in the diagnosis and therapy of
diabetes, Serum lipid levels in hyperlipidemias, Biochemical parameters in
liver diseases, Enzymes important in clinical diagnosis, Diseases of the
thyroid gland, osteoporosis, Importance of serum levels of sex hormones, In
vitro fertilization, Clinical parameters in hypertension, Inborn errors of
metabolism.
PHYTOTHERAPY
Fundamentals of Phytotherapy, Herbal Medicine, Homoeopathy,
Aromatherapy, Preparation, Control and Testing of Herbal Teas,
Phytotherapeutics used for cardiovascular disorders, nervous complaints,
gastrointestinal disorders and common cold and influenza, Phytotherapeutics as
hepatoprotectives and immunostimulants, Herbal medicines used in gynecology,
urinary system, endocrine system, rheumatology, dermatology and geriatry, Phytocosmetics,
Application of Phytotherapy in
Pharmacy.
MEDICINAL TEAS
Formulations and
quality analysis of herbal medicinal teas effective on common cold, nervous
system, digestive system, etc.; dietetic teas for getting slim, diuretic teas,
Instructions for the preparation of teas, European criterias for the production
of medicinal teas in the pharmacy and on a commercial scale.
APPLICATIONS
OF MEDICINAL
CHEMISTRY
Sources of
drugs, lead modification,
rational drug design: captopril and lisinopril structure-activity
relationships, bioisosterism, access to site of action and prodrugs
quantitative structure-activity relationships and drug design: sumatriptan and
fluconazole.
INSTRUMENTAL PHARMACEUTİCAL
ANALYSIS
Application of
HPLC, UV and IR spectrometry to drug analysis.
DRUG
INFORMATION
Names and active
compounds of pharmaceuticals produced and sold in
INDUSTRIAL PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY
Biotechnology:
Production, refining and formulation, Stability of proteins and peptides, GMP,
GLP and Validation in Pharmaceutical Industry: Principles of GMP and GLP,
Functions of Quality Assurance system, Validation and its parameters,
Determination of critical points for validation, Cleaning validation,
Certification of Pharmaceuticals.
HOSPITAL PHARMACY AND RADIOPHARMACY
Functions of
hospital pharmacist, Adverse drug reactions, Dose arrangement, Pharmaceutical
care, Physicochemical drug interactions, Relations of pharmaceutical distributors
and hospitals, GMP in hospital pharmacy, Preparation and application of
radiopharmaceutics, Radiopharmaceutics in the market.
PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
Equipments used
in production of solid dosage forms, specifications and application to
formulations, Equipments used in
production of semi-solid dosage forms, specifications and application to
formulations, Equipments used in
production of liquid dosage forms, specifications and application to
formulations, Equipments used in production of parenteral dosage forms,
specifications and application to formulations.
PHARMACOTHERAPY
General principles of pharmacotherapy, Appropriate
drug selection according to the patient's status, Individualization of drug
therapy, Drug therapy evaluation, Side/Adverse effects of drugs, Toxic effects and
contrindications.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
The concept of
environment, Environmentals cycles, Biodegradation, Bioaccumulation, Polluants
of air, water and soil and their effect on environment and public health,
Ecotoxicity tests.